Peoples

Showing 97–108 of 127 results

The Decline of the Irish Language 1851
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Decline of the Irish Language 1851

£2.99

By 1800, fluency in English was seen as essential for social advancement in Ireland. It was the language of the courts and of commerce. The opening of Maynooth Seminary near Dublin (1795) by a British government grant cemented English as the language of the Catholic clergy and thus, of education,... More
The Frontier West 1870
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Frontier West 1870

£2.99

By the 1840s, the traffic of stagecoaches and wagon trains on the Santa Fé Trail had reached such a volume that buffalo migration was obstructed, causing great deprivation for the Southern Plains Comanche, Kiowa and Arapaho. Understandably, the Indians retaliated: raids became so frequent that a chain of forts was... More
The Great Migration of African Americans
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Great Migration of African Americans

£2.99

After the end of the post-Civil War Reconstruction Period (1865–77), the ‘Bourbon Democrats’ monopolized political power in the South, orchestrating a systematic exclusion of blacks from the political process. This would be cemented by the introduction of ‘Jim Crow Laws’ of racial segregation. The black population in the South was... More
The Maya 300 BCE–300 CE
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Maya 300 BCE–300 CE

£2.99

The first civilization of Mesoamerica, the Olmecs of southern Mexico seem (like the Toltecs for the Aztecs) to have performed a cultural tutelage for the Maya, bequeathing their systems of numbering and chronology. As the Olmecs collapsed in the 4th century BCE, the Maya were beginning to urbanize in their... More
The Maya 300–1500 CE
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Maya 300–1500 CE

£2.99

After the collapse of the pre-classic Mayan civilization, a period of around two centuries elapsed before their re-emergence. There is evidence of political interference from Teotihuacan, the powerful Mexican city-state at this time: possibly it acted as a cultural or commercial catalyst. By 600 CE, a vibrant, prosperous, competitive network... More
The Modoc War 1872–73
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Modoc War 1872–73

£2.99

Before the white man, the Modoc inhabited the Oregon-California borders, fishing for salmon and baking water-lily seed popcorn. Following the Gold Rushes, settlers began arriving in floods. The Modoc began to attack these wagon trains, killing over 60 at Bloody Point (1852). In 1864, they agreed to move to a... More
The Near East in the Amarna Letters c. 1345–1330 BCE
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Near East in the Amarna Letters c. 1345–1330 BCE

£2.99

The Amarna letters were clay tablets excavated from El-Amara, Pharaoh Akhenaten’s city. Spanning over 30 years and written in Akkadian, the lingua franca of the Far East, they are the correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in the occupied territories. These letters provide an abundance of information about... More
The Peopling of North America c. 16,000–10,000 BCE
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Peopling of North America c. 16,000–10,000 BCE

£2.99

The classic theory of Paleoindian colonization of the Americas proposed migration from a heartland in Siberia across the then existing Beringian landbridge c. 15000 BP. Thereafter, according to this model, the early Paleoindians exploited an ice-free corridor in western Canada before fanning out when reaching the present day United States.... More
The Predominant Economy of North America c. 1500
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Predominant Economy of North America c. 1500

£2.99

Before the arrival of Europeans in North America, the numerous Native American tribes had developed different lifestyles and ways of living off the land. In the east, the Mississippian tribal groups were some of the first to transition away from the hunter-gatherer nomadic lifestyle, developing agriculture and settlements on a... More
The Sea Peoples c. 1280–1170 BCE
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Sea Peoples c. 1280–1170 BCE

£2.99

The ‘Sea Peoples’ are known only from references in contemporary Hittite and Egyptian records. Their identity and place of origin, while much speculated upon, remains unknown. Hypotheses have proposed that they were Anatolian, Minoan or Philistines. The fact that they were allied to the Libyans in some of their attacks... More
The Spread of Agriculture 7000–2000 BCE
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Spread of Agriculture 7000–2000 BCE

£2.99

There are two broad models for the spread of agriculture, or indeed any culture: migration and diffusion. The former implies the conquest or displacement of pre-existing hunter-gatherers, the latter their conversion to the new methods by interaction or emulation. The archaeological evidence suggests a more rapid process occurred in the... More
The Spread of Jim Crow Laws in the South 1890–1909
£2.99 ADD GO TO MAP

The Spread of Jim Crow Laws in the South 1890–1909

£2.99

W.E.B Dubois wrote of the post-Reconstruction South, ‘the slave went free, stood a brief moment in the sun, then moved back toward slavery’. The ‘Redeemer’ Democrats enforced their monopoly of political power with batteries of laws designed to suppress black voting. In Alabama, for instance, the black electoral roll reduced... More